Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review
Vol 19 No 3 (2024): August
Governmental Accounting

State Responsibility in Guaranteeing Access to Essential Medicines for Public Health
Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Menjamin Akses terhadap Obat Esensial untuk Kesehatan Masyarakat


  • Siti Nur Cholisa Hamid,
  • Lidya Shery Muis*
Siti Nur Cholisa Hamid
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Lidya Shery Muis
Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Indonesia *

(*) Corresponding Author
Picture in here are illustration from public domain image or provided by the author, as part of their works
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21070/ijler.v19i3.1258
Published August 25, 2024
Keywords
  • essential medicines,
  • healthcare quality,
  • state responsibility,
  • public health,
  • Indonesia
How to Cite
Hamid, S. N. C., & Muis, L. S. (2024). State Responsibility in Guaranteeing Access to Essential Medicines for Public Health. Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review, 19(3), 10.21070/ijler.v19i3.1258. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijler.v19i3.1258

Copyright (c) 2024 Siti Nur Cholisa Hamid, Lidya Shery Muis

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Abstract

General Background: The availability of essential medicines is a critical determinant of healthcare quality, directly impacting public health needs. Specific Background: In Indonesia, the government is tasked with ensuring these medicines are accessible in adequate quantities, timely, and at affordable prices. Despite existing policies, challenges persist in achieving these objectives, particularly highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowledge Gap: There is limited empirical analysis regarding the state’s role and effectiveness in providing essential medicines amidst regulatory frameworks and public health needs. Aims: This study aims to examine the state's responsibilities in ensuring the availability of essential medicines through literature reviews and policy analysis, focusing on relevant legal frameworks, including Law Number 17 of 2023 on health and constitutional provisions. Results: The findings indicate that the state plays a pivotal role in providing essential medicines via mechanisms such as subsidies, price monitoring, and incentives for the local pharmaceutical industry. Challenges in distribution, production capacity, and international collaboration were also identified. Novelty: This research offers a comprehensive overview of the essential medicines landscape in Indonesia, detailing the intersection of legal frameworks and public health requirements. Implications: The study emphasizes the government's need to enhance public access to essential medicines, thereby improving national health quality, and informs policymakers and stakeholders on effective strategies. Highlights:
  1. Government responsibility: Ensure essential medicines are accessible and affordable.
  2. Policy challenges: Address distribution and production capacity issues.
  3. Health impact: Availability affects overall public health outcomes.
Keywords: essential medicines, healthcare quality, state responsibility, public health, Indonesia

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. A. Sudarmanto, R. S. Pambudi, and K. Khusna, “Evaluasi Pengelolaan Obat di Puskesmas Tanon 1 Kabupaten Sragen,” other, Universitas Sahid Surakarta, 2021. Accessed: May 30, 2024. [Online]. Available: http://repository.usahidsolo.ac.id/938/
  2. L. S. Muis, “Hak Atas Aksesibilitas Obat Paten Bagi Masyarakat,” Widya Pranata Huk. J. Kaji. Dan Penelit. Huk., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 36–64, 2019.
  3. R. Wasir, P. A. Rosmayani, N. N. Prasetyo, A. D. Putri, and N. D. Istanti, “Obat Esensial Untuk Cakupan Kesehatan Universal Di Indonesia: Tinjauan Literatur Tentang Ketersediaan, Keterjangkauan, Dan Kualitas,”
  4. J. Kesehat. Tambusai, vol. 4, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15024.
  5. Y. Syafrita, “makalah new guideline,” Makal. New Guidel., unand fk Mar. 2021, Accessed: Aug. 12, 2024. [Online]. Available: http://repo.unand.ac.id/40713/
  6. A. S. Siswanto, “Kepatuhan Penyimpanan Dan Pelayanan Obat High Alert Di Instalasi Farmasi Pukesmas Benjeng Gresik,” diploma, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, 2021. doi: 10/2020_LTA_201702026_Daftar%20pustaka%20new.pdf.
  7. E. N. Y. Rantung, T. N. Palilingan, and T. H. W. Lumonon, “Tanggung-Jawab Negara Atas Pemenuhan Kesehatan Di Bidang Ekonomi, Sosial Dan Budaya,” Lex Priv., vol. 11, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Apr. 2023, Accessed: May 31, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/lexprivatum/article/view/47769
  8. L. S. Muis, R. Jened, N. Barizah, and G. C. Tjwan, “State Responsibility for Access and Availability of Patented Drugs for Public Health,” Yuridika, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 219–242, 2023.
  9. L. S. Muis, “Accessibility of Pharmaceutical Product Patents for Public Health Through the TRIPs Waiver,”
  10. Indones. J. Law Soc., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 181–220, 2024.
  11. P. A. S. Wesna, “Doha Declaration sebagai Perlindungan Masyarakat atas Akses Obat Esensial di Negara Berkembang Pasca Trips Agreement,” KERTHA WICAKSANA, vol. 14, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2020, doi: 10.22225/kw.14.1.2020.56-62.
  12. A. Wirasto, I. Afrita, and S. Oktapani, “Tanggung Jawab Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Terhadap Produksi Obat Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan,” Innov. J. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 3, Art. no. 3, May 2024, doi: 10.31004/innovative.v4i3.11263.
  13. World Health Organization “Daftar Model Obat Esensial WHO - daftar ke-23, 2023.” Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2023.02
  15. Kementrian Kesehatan “Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor HK.01.07/MENKES/688/2019.” Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://peraturanpedia.id/keputusan-menteri-kesehatan-nomor-hk-01-07- menkes-688-2019/
  16. World Health Organization “WHO Model List of Essential Medicines - 23rd list, 2023.” Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2023.02
  17. Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia “Ahli: Negara Bertanggung Jawab Wujudkan Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat | Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia.” Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://mkri.id/index.php?id=14951&page=web.Berita
  18. Kementrian Kesehatan “Kuatkan Layanan Kesehatan, Pemerintah Lakukan Lima Upaya Secara Simultan,” Sehat Negeriku. Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20161104/2918732/kuatkan-layanan-kesehatan-pemerintah- lakukan-lima-upaya-secara-simultan/
  19. T. Addinni, “Peranan Penting Keterlibatan Masyarakat terhadap Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan sebagai Subsistem Upaya Kesehatan di Indonesia,” Dec. 2023.
  20. Pemerintah Kabupaten Sidoarjo “DC20240116125520.Profil-Kesehatan-2022.pdf.” Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://satudata.sidoarjokab.go.id/assets/document/DC20240116125520.Profil-
  21. Kesehatan-2022.pdf
  22. Jaringan Dokumentasi dan Informasi Hukum BPK “Permenkes No. 5 Tahun 2019,” Database Peraturan | JDIH BPK. Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: http://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/129755/permenkes-no-5-tahun-2019
  23. F. S. Isriawaty, “Tanggung Jawab Negara Dalam Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan Masyarakat Berdasarkan Undang Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945,” Journal:eArticle, Universitas Tadulako, 2015. Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/145729/
  24. E. N. Y. Rantung, T. N. Palilingan, and T. H. W. Lumonon, “Tanggung-Jawab Negara Atas Pemenuhan Kesehatan Di Bidang Ekonomi, Sosial Dan Budaya,” Lex Priv., vol. 11, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Apr. 2023, Accessed: Aug. 01, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/lexprivatum/article/view/47769