The Potential of Building Tourist Cities by Using Existing Resources in Uzbekistan with an Innovative ApproachKhashimovaMadina M.madinakh77@gmail.comTurakulovShakhzod F.shakhzodturakulov1999@gmail.comUniversity of TourismUzbekistanUniversity of TourismUzbekistan08052020
This article reflects the construction of tourist cities using the resources available on the territory of Uzbekistan. The benefits of utilisation for the development of tourism infrastructure from geological cities that are not exploited, included in the available resources, have been analyzed. The high level of efficiency in the use of geological cities is based on the availability of economic infrastructure, which is recognized as the application of this infrastructure in the construction of tourist cities is low in costs. The article shows the specific natural anchors of three ecotouristic objects, the srategic plans for effective use of these anchors. Proposals on the expediency of the establishment of camps, bags, summer recreation zones are included in these facilities. The abundance of excursion facilities and attractions in the objects of ecotourism expressed their views on the possibility of opening remarkable travel destinations. And the steep slopes of the mountain are shown to be a special training area for training highly qualified climbers. Reflecting the peculiarities of the nature of the objects of the ecosystem, the role of these settlements with unique natural conditions in the development of tourism is established. The potential for the construction of such ecotouristic cities in the Republic of Uzbekistan is high, and the growth in the efficiency of the use of such potentials is reported to increase the number of tourists coming from foreign countries to Uzbekistan.
The Potential of Building Tourist Cities by Using Existing Resources in Uzbekistan with an Innovative Approach
The most important strategic plans of Uzbekistan for the development of the recent years are the growth of the tourism sector. The fact that the development of this sphere has its positive impact on the economy of the country at a sensible level is also scientifically and practically proved.
According to the UNWTO World Tourism Organization, ecotourism will remain one of the five main strategic areas of tourism development until 2020. In recent years, the share of ecotourism in the total amount of the global tourism industry has exceeded 10 percent, and its growth rate is 2-3 times higher than the corresponding figures in the entire tourism industry (Ecotourism in Uzbekistan: prospects and opportunities, 2018).
Along with paying attention to the historical, medical and pilgrimage types of tourism in Uzbekistan, the development of ecotourism is also taken into consideration. According to the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "on tourism", tourism types are indicated amenably with the specific features, themes, duration and other characteristics of the type of Tourism established for the development of ecotourism and it is recognized as a type of Tourism depending on these characteristics(https://www.lex.uz/ru/docs/4428101). In turn, in company with development of other types of Tourism, Strategic Decisions have been taken in this law on the ecotourism development.
As reported by organizations and institutions of international status, many types of tourism are growing by an average of 5 percent per year, while ecotourism is growing by an average of 20-30 percent per year. The scientific experience and conclusions of many experts and researchers show that, despite the fact that ecotourism is a new and young direction of Tourism; its popularity is 2-3 times more intense than other tourist destinations (https://kun.uz/64288663).
Uzbekistan has a great potential for the development of a different type of Tourism and has many opportunities for the development of ecotourism. From the available resources of such opportunities is the construction of rustic towns from geological urban areas, i.e. abandoned after the end of the period of exploitation of geological objects.
Construction of tourist cities in developed countries of the world is developed which led to the- basis for the development of their tourism industry. The arrival of foreign and local tourists to such cities is the reason and basis for the development of the tourism sector.
Extending the means of the Republic's tourist opportunities and resources, increasing the amount of foreign currency entering the Republic's economy through tourism, and providing the population with jobs and increasing the amount of salaries, increasing the investment will impact on the tourist industry and affecting other sectors of the economy of our country related to tourism.
The access of the produced eco-touristic routes to the tourism market in Uzbekistan and abroad is the basis for the development of the Republic's tourism market. On the example of developed countries of ecotourism, such as Great Britain, France, Romania, one can consider its positive impact on the country's economy. Uzbekistan is also a country which is rich in ecosystem resources, and by offering them to the world market, we can achieve the results of World Tourism countries.
Recreantly, the construction of tourist cities all over the world developed widely. The creation of such sightings in cities that are not currently being exploited is of great economic importance. Such geological cities are usually located in mountainous areas, in places with a remarkable landscape. They usually have large recreational means, the purity of the taiga, the abundance of pleasant place is the basis for the development of mountaineering.
Using the resources available in Uzbekistan in the methodological aspect of the above-mentioned issues, theoretically analyzing the potential for the construction of touristic cities with an innovative approach, determines the implementation of measures for the development of ecotourism in the case of using the practice of other foreign countries and the strategic decisions specified in the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on In the implementation of these measures, the main thing is to determine the state of the urban infrastructure of geological cities, determine the level of urbanization, determine the locality of the object of ecotourism, determine the unemployment rate of the population and the risk of building tourist cities in these regions. In turn, the Quebec declaration states that in ecotourism in the construction and exploitation of tourist cities is the accession of our country to international treaties. These treaties established protection against adverse effects on nature as a result of the development of ecotourism(Ecotourism in Uzbekistan: prospects and opportunities, 2018).
There is an especial way to organize tourist cities in Uzbekistan. In the era of geological exploration and mining exploitation, cities were formed, but as a result of the end of the exploitation of the deposits, the towns were abandoned. If we were to develop a project to transform these cities into tourist cities, then it would be worthwhile to create a new tourist infrastructure, by converting the economic infrastructure of old cities into new tourist towns - tourism economic infrastructure. Such projects are an example of Anchor and rock towns in the Nurota Mountains.
For instance, the towns of Langar and Koytash are located in the hilly area of Nurota Mountain. The first object under study, the anchor town, is located in front of the peak at a height of two thousand meters in the “Aktog tog” systems of Nurota. Around the town is a geology-mineralogical reserve. There are three of the minerals: courtesy turquoise granite, molybdenite, quartz, feldspar, Mica and others. Around the town there are a lot of shadows and ravines scattered as a result of tectonic forces, and around them are covered with thick ravines. They can produce eco-touristic routes throughout. Within them, the first eco-touristic route is called the "Noh Prophet's hand". The reason of why it is named as Noh Prophet's hand is that on such a side of the anchor town, a huge monolithic monument is located on a rock-huge shipyard, which is called the rock-cut remnant of the population's Noh`s ship. Not far from this rock there are traces on the rock that resemble a human Trace, which the local population called the trace of the Prophet Noh and his grandchildren.
Picture 1
The second studied eco-touristic route can be called The Stone Legend of Capricorn. Not far from the anchor is located a legendary rock, in which it is possible to see the place of the eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, and it is called the head of the demon, which turned into a rock. Towards the bottom, the eastern soybeans flow, and on both sides of it you can see hyacinths, dragons, lions, seal, stone mushrooms, large and small dogs, statues of women and old people, snakes, sharks and others, and they are more than 200 in number. This megalith explains the origin of the monument as a natural glow, it is much more controversial. But the eco-touristic itinerary, built in this shadow, would have attracted many tourists.
Indeed, a tourist who travels to the poppies meets a variety of landscapes that are characteristic of the Octopus. In these places, there will be years when even a drop from May to November does not rain. The water of many rivers and springs is reduced. But the Valley of Capricorn is not subject to this law of nature.
Almond-trees and thick reeds, which are covered with thick grass all the time, differ from other places. There are Walnut and mulberry trees, whose age ranges from 150 to 400 years. The most interesting thing is that the Spruce, which can be seen in Kuksaroy, grows neither in the Aktog, nor in the Army on the Nurota Mountain. Here the age of some arches is around 700-800 years.
In many places of the valley, years of drought also lay out springs from the cracks in the rocks. There are plenty of fish in the river. Passing through a huge waterless area with a difficult road to get down, ondatra appeared on these lands. At the shore of the river it is possible to meet a low-flying black stork in our republic. At the very top of the valley, in the so-called huge and beautiful gorges, limestone is lying on the surface of the earth, just like “The Great cones” of North America, there are archers guarded by the state.
Pictures of a man, a goat, a horse, a moth and even a lion lying on the polished surface of the rocks in thousands of years and under the influence of wind and rain show that this place has been mastered since the time of the appearance of man.
When the Three Hills next to the village of Tarpay were explored by archaeologists, pottery fractures which were made in the first centuries of our era were found. It was known that the dishes were made from clay, sand and gravel, featured in the same place.
In order to carry out the work of a special national expedition, the issue of turning the poppy into a recreation zone of the population was studied. It turns out that in this place, it is worthwhile to organize camps, tombs, summer recreation zones. The large number of ecumenical facilities and attractions in Koksaroy provides an opportunity to open wonderful travel destinations. And the steep slopes of the mountain can be a special training area for training highly qualified climbers (M.A. Khoshimov, 2006, p. 112).
Picture 2 & Picture 3
The third eco-tourist course is called Sangi Juman Megalith monument, in which various stone monuments of different shapes are located 5,5 meters in height, 19 meters in length, a stone monument of 200 tons in weight, and its distinctive feature is that when you push it, it starts to shake and therefore attracts tourists.
In the south of the Koytash Mountain system, the Koytash settlement is located between various megalithic stone monuments. It is located in a lake which is 2 km away from it with a hilly mountain peak, forms of unknown creatures, grazing sheep, Dragon's head, Sphinx, seal, Cobra, crocodile, eye-shaped megalith stone monuments settlement. If we take this place as the first eco-tourist destination, then the second route is located in 7 km from the village of Karangul on 29 round stone balloons in the taiga and their diameter reaches from 2, 5 to 6 meters. A stone was found in one of these megalithic stone monuments. The Shape of the latter is similar to The Shape of the Flying Saucer that comes from the universe (M.A. Khoshimov, 2006, p. 126). For these three studied objects, it is also necessary to organize ecotourism routes as a result of research around them, develop measures for their protection.
It is necessary to attract tourists and return cities to life by conducting ecotourist research around these places.
Geological cities, which are located near their ecotourist facilities, can attract mainly visitors of middle and older age. The fact that these cities have a beautiful landscape, they usually have large recreational resources, the cleanliness of the taiga, the abundance of pleasant places create an opportunity for tourists of this age to have a good rest and restore their health. They will also have the opportunity to relax in the tranquility, enjoying the rare sanctuaries of nature. It should be noted that our young tourists like the bridge extreme tourism. Therefore, on the Rock located in the Valley of the Koksaroy, it is possible to organize summer recreation zones with the use of pallets made on the basis of innovative technologies. Such palates are known as Crystal Bumble Tent and attract attention with their new look transparency. By placing these palates on a rock in the Valley of the poppies, it gives tourists the opportunity to watch the stars at night, while preserving them from the negative impact of external nature. Negative impact is implied by the presence of poisonous reptiles and other animals, etc., taking into account the fact that at night there is a cold wind blowing, despite the fact that it is summer, and rainy zone.
As an example: "Crystal Bumble Tent" is being used on a farm located between Litgov and Margin 200 km from Sydney, Austria. On this farm, which has 1000 acres of land, tourists will be able to tame the flight of birds from these palates. A lot of tourists come to this island from all over the world to visit and see this wonderful landscape. It should be noted that the use of such pallets is priced from 370 dollars to 610 dollars, depending on the service provider (https://bubbletentaustralia.com). These prices are considered very expensive, considering the course of the dollar in Uzbekistan, and have a negative impact on the development of domestic tourism. In ecotourism, the formation of such prices can be attributed mainly to the law of supply and demand, since the greater the demand, the higher the price.
Considering that the cost of Crystal Bumble Tent is from 8,500,000 to 19,900,000 sums, in Uzbekistan we can offer this type of service much cheaper, which attracts the attention of foreign tourists interested in nature.
There are many resources in our country for the development of ecotourism. We must implement the use of these resources in three stages. These stages are as follows:
Find objects, learn and build strategic plans.
To carry out marketing research on organizational economic impact and tourist attraction in the facility.
Improvement of organizational economic climate for the development of ecotourism.
The implementation of such projects requires the realization of a series of theoretical and practical research. For the practical accomplishment of such camps, it is necessary to create economic infrastructure in ecotourist objects. Theoretically, it is very important to note that this is the settlement of the settlement of the town of innovation under construction, and the scientific approaches of specialists in the field for the placement of these chambers and the creation of the infrastructure of mining are very important, considering the fact that there will be floods, landslides, migrations of mountaineers. The infrastructure created on the basis of such scientific research ensures the safety of tourists.
The decision to create a modern tourism index in the action plan for 2019 on the implementation of the" concept of development of the tourism sector in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2019-2025", is aimed to develop and approve the main scheme of placing tourism infrastructure facilities in each region to meet the needs of visitors and the population in the republic (O`zbekiston respublikasi prezidentining pf-5611-son O`zbekiston respublikasida turizmni jadal rivojlantirishga oid qo`shimcha chora-tadbirlar to`g`risidagi farmon, 2019).
The construction of such camps was used in world practice. The result of this practice was positive and contributed to the development of ecotourism.